Advanced English (2) • NOUNS • 'R'

raft noun [C ] C1 idiomatic • synonyms: multitude, range, flood • a raft of ideas/regulations/problems; a whole raft of something • freq in AmE: 6/10

a large number or wide range of things; often used informally to emphasize variety, abundance, or overwhelming quantity

noun [C ] C2 informal/disapproving • synonyms: tirade, outburst, diatribe • angry/political/emotional rant; launch into/go on a rant; viral/online rant • freq in AmE: 5/10

a loud, angry, or impassioned speech or piece of writing, often expressing strong opinions or complaints in an uncontrolled or exaggerated way

noun [C or U ] C2 • synonyms: reunion, resolution, healing, settlement • reconciliation between people/nations; reconciliation with past/self; financial reconciliation; truth and reconciliation • freq in AmE: 7/10

the process of restoring harmony or resolving differences between people, ideas, or systems; also used in accounting to ensure consistency between records

noun [C ] C2 • synonyms: revival, comeback, reawakening • resurgence of interest/hope/nationalism/culture/economy • freq in AmE: 5/10

a rising again into life, activity, or prominence after a period of decline, dormancy, or obscurity — often used to describe cultural, political, emotional, or natural renewal

noun [U ] C1 formal • synonyms: reserve, restraint, silence • reticence about something; motional/cultural/poetic reticence; reticence in speech/grief/confession • freq in AmE: 5/10

the quality of being reserved, restrained, or unwilling to speak freely; often associated with discretion, modesty, or emotional self-protection

collocation with rifle noun [C ] C1 • synonyms: be armed, bear a rifle, carry weapon • carry a rifle in military/hunting/security context; be seen carrying a rifle; trained to carry a rifle; rifle-carrying patrols • freq in AmE: 5/10

to have a rifle in one’s possession, typically while walking, patrolling, or performing duties; often used in military, hunting, or law enforcement contexts

noun [U ] C1 • synonyms: bitterness, frustration, indignation • feel/harbor/suppress/bear resentment; resentment toward/against someone; deep/long-standing resentment *• freq in AmE: 7/10

a feeling of anger, bitterness, or frustration caused by being treated unfairly or by unresolved emotional tension; often simmering and long-lasting

collocation with resentment noun [U ] C1 (also harbor/suppress/bear resentment toward/against someone) • synonyms: harbor bitterness, bear a grudge • still/deeply/quietly feel resentment; feel resentment over something *• freq in AmE: 7/10

to experience bitterness, frustration, or emotional pain directed at a specific person, often due to perceived injustice, neglect, or betrayal

collocation with resentment noun [U ] C1 • synonyms: nurse bitterness, suppress anger, hold a grudge • harbor resentment toward/against someone; secretly/still/quietly harbor resentment; harbor resentment over something *• freq in AmE: 6/10

to hold onto feelings of bitterness or emotional pain toward someone over time, often without expressing them openly; implies suppressed or lingering resentment