Chemistry - Dot & Cross Diagram

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What does a dot and cross diagram show?
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The arrangement and transfer of outer-shell electrons.
Why are brackets used around ions in dot and cross diagrams?
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To show they are charged ions.
Explain how sodium chloride forms.
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Sodium transfers one electron to chlorine. Sodium becomes Na⁺ and chlorine becomes Cl⁻. The oppositely charged ions attract, forming an ionic bond.
Explain why magnesium forms Mg²⁺ ions.
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Magnesium loses two electrons to achieve a full outer shell.
What does each line in a displayed formula represent?
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One shared pair of electrons.
What does a displayed formula show?
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Atoms and covalent bonds as lines.

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