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spørsmålet		svaret
parts of speech begynn å lære		lexical categories
name of thing, animal, person, idea begynn å lære		noun
action, state, phenomena, event process begynn å lære		verb
modifies verb, adjective, other adverb begynn å lære		adverb
modifies noun, like what begynn å lære		adjective
cat begynn å lære		noun
green begynn å lære		adjective
run begynn å lære		verb
drive SLOWLY begynn å lære		adverb
QUITE beautiful begynn å lære		adverb
VERY early begynn å lære		adverb
replaces noun begynn å lære		pronoun
 Przyimki, indicate relations in time, space, or grammatical functions begynn å lære		preposition
 To, from, during, of, with, in front of, under begynn å lære		preposition
join words or phrases begynn å lære		conjunction
point at object, express references type begynn å lære		determiner
replaces whole sentances (no) begynn å lære		particle
approach to grammar rule driven begynn å lære		prescriptive approach
approach to grammar, data driven, observe native speakers begynn å lære		dercriptive approach
the actual belief or mental representation of a situation not necessarily verbalized  think to yourself without speaking to others  cognitive unit, psychological, conceptual, mental representation begynn å lære		deep structure
 the linguistic expression of a belief or mental representation  thoughts to sentence, syntactic begynn å lære		surface structure
(aspect) general state of affairs begynn å lære		simple (aspect)
(aspect) action in progress begynn å lære		progressive, continuous (aspect)
(aspect) expresses relativeness of the past to the present, teraźniejszy dokonany begynn å lære		perfect (aspect)
Provides information, shares information (mood) begynn å lære		declarative (mood)
requests information (mood) begynn å lære		interrogative (mood)
requests action, information (mood) begynn å lære		imperative (mood) (imperator rozkazuje)
How many cases in english? begynn å lære		2, nominative and genetive
she, Susan, my sister, the girl in the picture begynn å lære		noun phrase
has done, should have done, will do it, work, is begynn å lære		verb phrase
big, very big, very big indeed (modifies noun phrase) begynn å lære		adjective phrase
slowly, over there, right now (modifies very phrase) begynn å lære		adverb phrase
at the bar (preposition + noun phrase) begynn å lære		prepositional phrase
 A phrase which provides you with additional, optional information about the event described by the verb phrase begynn å lære		adjunct
component of verb phrase, and it begins with a verb and ends with a verb begynn å lære		verb group
is adjunct grammatically required? begynn å lære		no
orzeczenie begynn å lære		predicate
limited in quantity begynn å lære		finate
doesn't contain tense begynn å lære		non-finate
how word changes shape bc of grammar begynn å lære		inflection
individual sound, smallest component of language begynn å lære		phoneme
can a phoneme be a word or morpheme? begynn å lære		yes (a)
 Meaningless phonemes are combined into meaningful morphemes begynn å lære		true
smallest MEANINGFUL component of language begynn å lære		morpheme
 Entry in dictionary that has independent meaning or syntactic function begynn å lære		word
meaning of a word, semantic content of the word begynn å lære		denotation
can a verb group be verb phrase? begynn å lære		yes (have been sleeping)
noun phrase without determina begynn å lære		nominal group
simple sentance (NP+VP) begynn å lære		clause
bigger clause of 2+ clauses begynn å lære		complex sentance
verb is a member of an open class of verbs that includes all verbs except auxiliary verbs begynn å lære		lexical verb
describes verb (content word) begynn å lære		common adverb
verbs like should, can, could, might, will etc begynn å lære		modal verb
type of verb that takes a supportive role in a sentence, second to the main verb (be, have, done) begynn å lære		auxilary verb
describes adjectives, adverbs (very, quite, so) begynn å lære		degree adverb
words such as the, my, this, some, twenty, each, any, which are used before nouns begynn å lære		determiner
substitute a person's name. They can also substitute any third-person noun in a sentence. begynn å lære		personal pronoun
show that a noun owns or possesses something. begynn å lære		possesive pronoun
come before a noun to modify it, just like an adjective. begynn å lære		possesive determina
who, whom, which, what, whose, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever begynn å lære		interrogative pronoun
representtion of a class of objects begynn å lære		generic reference
two of more heads (husband and wife) begynn å lære		coordinate phrase
strawberry begynn å lære		polymorphemic word
wise- people, very-nice, very- slowly begynn å lære		modifier+head
phoneme articulated in the vocal tract by creating obstruction to the air stream. begynn å lære		consonant
phoneme articulated without obstruction to the air stream in the vocal tract. (Air travels freely) begynn å lære		vowel
two kinds of phonemes? begynn å lære		vowel, consonant
what is necessary for a syllable? begynn å lære		a vowel
f, v begynn å lære		labio-dental
p, b, m, ł begynn å lære		bilabial
Ɵð begynn å lære		dental
t, d, s, z, l,n begynn å lære		alveolar
ś,ź, tś, dż begynn å lære		alveo-palatal
j begynn å lære		palatal
k, g, ng begynn å lære		velar
h begynn å lære		glottal
• P, b, t, d, k, g (short sound) begynn å lære		plosive
ts, dz (short sound) begynn å lære		affricate
• F, v, Ɵ, s, z, ś, ź, h (can prolong articulation) begynn å lære		fricative
m, n, ng begynn å lære		nasal
o Each consonant is described in terms of 3 features begynn å lære		 Place of articulation  Manner of articulation  Voiced/voiceless
vowel+vowel, vowel+semi-vowel begynn å lære		diphtong
o Different articulatory version of a phoneme; the change is not meaningfully distinct begynn å lære		allophone
o The articulatory properties of a phoneme are affected by the articulatory properties of a neighbouring phoneme; in other words, a sound e.g., affects the preceding sound begynn å lære		assimilation
o Friendship (d disappears) o We must talk (t disappears) begynn å lære		elision
o Two words with ONE different phoneme (pin bin, tin sin, bed bid) begynn å lære		minimal pairs
meaningless sounds can be combined into meaningful morphemes and words begynn å lære		duality

gramatyka opisowa 1,2,3

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