HISTORIA nazwiska, AII & AIII reforms

NIKOLAY MILYUTIN

Outstanding social reformer of the 1860s. In 1858, he became Deputy Minister of the Interior and he did much of the groundwork for the emancipation of the serfs in 1861. He was also responsible for the scheme by which the Polish peasantry was given the freehold to their land in March 1864.

NIKOLAI CHERNYSHEVSKY

Founder of the Populist movement; revolution, overthrowing Tsardom and nobility, agrarian society based on mir, vithout violence/capitalistic stage

ALEXANDER HERZEN

Founder of Populism; gradual transformation, agrarian socialist society based on mir, without violence/capitalistic stage

DMITRI PISAREV

resented revolution - impossible for the present, NIHILISM, to accept nothing of the existing society without a question, called the Intelligentsia to political and revolutionary activity among peasants.

IGNATY GRINEVITSKY

assasin of Alexaander II - March 1881

PRINCESS DOLGORUKY

second wife of Alexander II, much younger than he, was a friend and a patron of a number of liberal pollliticians (Mikhail Loris-Melikov)

MIKHAIL LORIS-MELIKOV

1879 - militaty governor of Ukraine 1880-1881 - Minister of the Interior, abolished Third Section, replaced Count Dmitri Tolstoy, prepared plans for creating national assembly

COUNT PUTIATIN

Minister of the Education at the beginning of 1860s, wanted stricter control --> led to students protests, 1862 (2000 shops burned in the capital)

COUNT DMITRI TOLSTOY

1866 - becomes Minister of Education reimposed restrictions on the entry to the universities, discipline provided bo police, strenghten governmental control and encouraged Church to be involved in education, hampered 'free thinking'

'BLACK PARTITION' (chorny peredyel)

was founded after the split of 'Land of Liberty', believed in further peaceful work among the peasants -Georgi Plekhanov, Pavel Axelrod

THE PEOPLE'S WILL

after split of 'Land and Liberty' - 1879 violence as a trigger to general revolution (Ignaty Grinevitsky - assasined AII in '81)

'THE CHAIKOVSKY CIRCLE'

1869 - 1872, St Petersburg organised pamphlets and books, led to the Populist movement

SUMMER 1874

2000 students dressed as peasants went to spread their views among peasants. Most of them (1873 - 1877) arrested, sent to Siberia.

KONSTANTIN POBEDONOSTSEV

former tutor and closest advisor of A III, Procurator of Holy Synod (leading government official responsible for the Orthodox Church), AUTOCRACY< ORTHODOXY & NATIONALITY

NIKOLAI DANILYEVSKY

rejected enthusiasm of westernisers to the Western philosophy and technology RUSSIAN PECULARITY Pan-slavism more aggressive than slavophiles

LAND COMMANDANT

zemsky nachalnik, 1889, after the abolition od the justice of peace, member of the nobility, judical and administrative power

I.V. DELYANOV

Minister of Education (1882 - 1898) - opposed any advance in education, raised tuition fees on unversitites, primary and secondary schools, limited the universities' administrative autonomy.