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spørsmålet		svaret
Dynamic equilibrium begynn å lære		The rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal
Kinetic energy begynn å lære		The energy associated with moving particles
Concentration begynn å lære		The amount of solute dissolved in a solution
Le Chatelier's Principle begynn å lære		States that a disturbance to the equilibrium will result in the system adjusting to compensate for the change, and equilibrium is re-established. Some changes include temperature, concentration or pressure.
Catalyst begynn å lære		A substance that increases the rate of a reaction without itself being consumed in the reaction (also lowers activation energy, thus the reaction reaches equilibrium quicker)
Equilibrium constant (Kc) begynn å lære		Only temperature can affect the value of Kc*
Self-ionisation of water begynn å lære		The reaction in which a water molecule loses a hydrogen ion to become a hydroxide ion (OH-) and the hydrogen ion immediately reacts with another water molecule to form a hydronium ion (H3O+)
Esterification begynn å lære		A condensation reaction between a carboxylic acid and alcohol that generates an ester
Proton donor begynn å lære		A substance that can donate H+
Monoprotic begynn å lære		An acid that can donate only one hydrogen ion per molecule
Polyprotic begynn å lære		An acid that can donate more than one hydrogen ion per molecule
Strong base begynn å lære		A base that completely ionises in water
Weak base begynn å lære		A base that doesn't completely ionise in water
Alkaline begynn å lære		Basic solution
Hydroxyl begynn å lære		A functional group consisting of an -OH group, which is an oxygen atom and a hydrogen atom joined by a single bond
Carboxylic acid begynn å lære		A class of organic compound that contains a carboxyl functional group
Electrical conductivity begynn å lære		The degree to which a material conducts an electric current
Strength begynn å lære		The level of dissociation of an acid or a base
Strong acid begynn å lære		An acid that completely ionises in water
Weak acid begynn å lære		An acid that does not completely ionise in water
Ionic product constant of water (Kw) begynn å lære		The equilibrium constant for the self-ionisation of water
pH begynn å lære		A measure of hydrogen ion concentration in a solution and therefore a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution
Limiting reagent begynn å lære		The reactant in a chemical reaction that determines how much product is made
Conjugate base begynn å lære		A base formed by removing an H+ from an acid
Conjugate acid begynn å lære		An acid formed when a base accepts an H+
Amphiprotic begynn å lære		A molecule or an ion that can either donate or accept a proton and therefore can act as an acid or a base
Buffer solution begynn å lære		A solution that resists changes in pH when small quantities of acids or alkalis are added
Titration begynn å lære		The addition of a solution of known concentration to a known volume of another solution of unknown concentration until the reaction reaches neutralisation
Titration curve begynn å lære		A graph of pH against volume of reactant added
Acid dissociation constant (Ka) begynn å lære		The equilibrium constant for the dissociation of an acid in aqueous solution
Base dissociation constant (Kb) begynn å lære		The equilibrium constant for the dissociation of a base in aqueous solution
Indicator begynn å lære		A chemical substance that changes colour at different pH values
pKa begynn å lære		A measure of acid strength; the negative common logarithm (to base 10) of an acid dissociation constant
End point begynn å lære		The point in a titration when the indicator changes colour
Equivalence point begynn å lære		The point in a titration when the reactants have reacted in the molar ratio of the balanced chemical equation
Standard solution begynn å lære		A solution of accurately known concentartion
Volumetric analysis begynn å lære		A quantitative analytical technique for determining the concentration of a solution by titrating it against another solution of known concentration
Half-equivalence point begynn å lære		A point in a titration curve where the concentration of the titre is equal to half the original concentration of the analyte; also called the midpoint
Buffer region begynn å lære		The section of a titration curve is relatively flat because adding more acid or base does not drastically affect the pH
Analyte begynn å lære		A solution of unknown concentration
Oxidation Reaction begynn å lære		An organic reaction involving the gain of oxygen atoms and/or the loss of hydrogen atoms.
Redox begynn å lære		A chemical reaction involving the transfer of electrons from one reactant to another
Oxidise begynn å lære		To lose electrons
Reducing Agent begynn å lære		A reactant that causes another reactant to gain electrons and be reduced and is itself oxidised.
Oxidising Agent begynn å lære		A reactant that causes another reactant to lose electrons and be oxidised and is itself reduced
Redox Reaction begynn å lære		A reaction involving oxidation of one reactant and reduction of the other reactant
Cathode begynn å lære		The electrode where reduction occurs
Polarity begynn å lære		The change of an electrode, either positive or negative
Electrode begynn å lære		A solid conductor of electricity either into or out of a half-cell
External circuit begynn å lære		The electric circuit (wires) that allows electron movement from anode to cathode.
Salt bridge begynn å lære		An electrical connection between the two half-cells in a galvanic cell; it allows for the flow of charge by moving ions to the cathode and anions to the anode
Half-cell begynn å lære		Half of an electrochemical cell, where either oxidation or reduction occurs
Internal Circuit begynn å lære		The part of an electrochemical cell that allows for ion flow, e.g. the salt bridge
Cell Diagram begynn å lære		A diagram of a galvanic cell that has all the key components, reaction mechanisms and electron/ion movement labelled
Fuel Cell begynn å lære		A galvanic cell that produces electricity by using a constant supply of reactants (often hydrogen and oxygen) and inert electrodes that don't break down
Inert Electrode begynn å lære		An electrode that conducts electricity in the half-cell, but doesn't participate in the reaction, i.e. it's neither a reactant nor product
Alkaline Fuel Cell begynn å lære		A fuel cell that consumes hydrogen and oxygen, producing water, heat and electricity
Standard Electrode Potential begynn å lære		The electrical potential that an electrode generates under standard conditions
Standard Conditions begynn å lære		The conditions under which all E^0 values are measured: 25 °C, 1 atm and 1M electrolyte.
Cell Potential Difference begynn å lære		The electrical potential difference (V) between two electrodes; the voltage that the galvanic cell can generate under standard conditions.
Electromotive Force (EMF) begynn å lære		The difference in potential across a cell that generates electricity.
Molten begynn å lære		A substance that has been melted to form a liquid
Electrolyte begynn å lære		A substance that conducts electricity when melted or dissolved in a solution.

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