Principles of Flight - Section D - Stability

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inherently
An inherently stable airplane is easy to fly.
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właściwie
fatigue
It reduces pilot fatigue.
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zmęczenie
throughout
This quality is essential throughout a wide range fo flight conditions.
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porzez
handling characteristics
You will see that handling characteristics are directly related to stability.
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właściwości pilotażowe
stability
Stability is a characteristic of an airplane in flight that causes it to return to a condition of equilibrium, or steady flight, after it is disurbed.
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stabilność
Maneuverability
Maneuverability is the characteristic of an airplane that permits you to maneuver it easily and allows it to withstand the stress resulting from the maneuvers.
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Manewrowość
controllability
Controllability is the capability of an airplane to respond to your control inputs, especially with regard to attitude and flight path.
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sterowalność
somewhat
Somewhat less stable.
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nieco
initial
The initial tendency.
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początkowy
displacement
It tends to return to its original attitude after displacement.
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przemieszczenie
disturbance
A tendency to move farher away from the original attitude following a disturbance is negative static stability.
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zakłócenie
oscillate
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oscylować/ balansować
successive
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kolejny
Positive Dynamic stability
It is determined by its tendency to oscillate and damp out successive oscillations.
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Dynamiczna stateczność
overall
When you consider the overall stability of an airplane.
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ogólny
accomplished
This is accomplished during the engineering and development phase.
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realizowany
center of pressure/center of lift
The center of pressure is a point along the wing chord line where lift is considered to be concentrated. For this reason, the center of pressure is often referred to as the center of lift.
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Środek parcia
with respect to
The location of the center of gravity with respect to the center of lift determines the longitudinal stability of an airplane.
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w odniesieniu do
offset
The nose heavy tendency is ofset by the position if the horizontal stabilizer.
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wyrównuje
due
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spodziewany
due to
Pitching tendency occurs due to the reduction of downwash from the wings and the propeller.
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ze względu na/ z powodu
alignment
The alignment of thrust in realation to the longitudinal axis.
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dostosowanie
canard
A canard is a stabilizer that is located in front of the main wings.
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stabilizator przedni(przed skrzydłem)
CG range
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Zakres CG
satisfactory
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zadowalający
adversely
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negatywnie
hazardous
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niebezpieczny
aided
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wspomagane
dihedral
Dihedral is the upward angle of the airplane’s wings with respect to the horizontal.
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wznios skrzydeł
spread out
When you look at an airplane, dihedral makes the wings appear to form a spread out V.
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rozłożone
side slip
This causes an immediate side slip downward toward the low wing.
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ślizg
keel effect
This keel effect is the steadying influnce exerted by the side area of the fuselage and vertical stabilizer.
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efekt kila
sweepback
The wings taper backward from the root of the wing to the wingtips. This is called sweepback.
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skos płata do tyłu
root
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nasada
inadventertly
If an airplane with sweepback inadvertently rolls about its logitudinal axis and side slip occurs.
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nieumyślnie
weather vane
Essentially, an airplane in flight is much like a weather vane.
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wiatrowskaz
aligned
This arrangment helps keep the airplane aligned with the relative wind.
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wyrównany
dutch roll
Dutch roll is a combination of rolling/yawing oscillations caused either by control input or by wind gusts.
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holenderowanie
precede
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poprzedzać
damp
If the Dutch roll tendecy is not effectively dampened, it is considered objectionable.
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tłumic
objectionable
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niepożądany/ gorszacy
suppress
The dutch roll motion is adequately suppressed.
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tłumić
aggravated
In a light, training airplane a spin may be defined as an aggravated stall which results in autorotation.
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pogarsza
helical
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spiralny
corkscrew
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korkociąg
essentially
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istotnie
deteriorate
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marnieć
preoccupation
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zaabsorbowanie
causal
These kinds of distractions are another causal factor in stall/spin accidents.
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przyczynowy
angular
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kątowy
dense
dense air
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gęsty

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